Energy, Minerals, and Materials

Featured Publications

Excavator in Mining Quarry and Rock Crusher Facility on Sunny Day, Industrial mining site captured from above, featuring heavy machinery, material processing operations, rugged excavation terrain

Center for Energy Studies | Energy, Minerals, and Materials | Working Paper

Byproduct Metals as a Constraint and Lever in Critical Minerals Finance

Why do many critical minerals remain difficult to scale? In a new working paper, Ashley Zumwalt-Forbes examines how byproduct mineral recovery creates financing and policy challenges that constrain critical minerals supply.

rare mineral rocks on green circuit board

Center for Energy Studies | Energy, Minerals, and Materials | Working Paper

Technical Disclosure as a Gating Item in Critical Minerals Finance

Center for Energy Studies | Energy, Minerals, and Materials | Testimony

Minerals & Materials Supply Chains — Considerations for Decarbonizing Transportation

Center for Energy Studies | Energy, Minerals, and Materials | Research Paper

Need Nickel? How Electrifying Transport and Chinese Investment Are Playing Out in the Indonesian Archipelago

About the Program

The Energy, Minerals & Materials Program examines critical materials supply chains and provides analysis and recommendations for policymakers, industry leaders, and the public. The program’s work covers minerals and materials essential to both legacy and emerging energy technologies, as well as key non-energy industrial and defense applications.

The program focuses on elements that are highly vulnerable to supply disruption, difficult to substitute, and central to economic and technological advancement. By clarifying risks and identifying pressure points across global supply chains, the program aims to inform decision-making as new technologies reshape the demands placed on the energy system.