On September 22, 1980, Saddam Hussein initiated what became one of the longest wars of the twentieth century — a war of attrition between Iran and Iraq that finally ended in August 1988. Fellow Mohammad Ayatollahi Tabaar examines the domestic causes of the Iran–Iraq War, delving into secret discussions among Iranian political and military elites during the conflict, their analyses of their own performance on the battlefield, and their revealing public disputes and blame game decades later.

The article analyzes the spread of neglected tropical diseases in Somolia due to severe poverty, and civil strife, and discusses the need for reforms to the country’s health systems and infrastructure.

This study examines the correlation between visceral leishmaniasis and civil unrest in East African nations.

This journal article examines the spread of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in Middle East countries occupied by the Islamic State and discusses ways to treat and prevent them.

This article analyzes the history of computing in electric power systems and why utilities persistently embraced analog technology before transitioning to digital computing machines: IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, July 13, 2015.

Over the past 40 years, we have seen a consistent pattern of war and conflict leading to the collapse of public health systems and the subsequent reemergence of deadly tropical infections. "Outbreaks have undermined the health and livelihoods of individuals, the economic growth of communities, security and ultimately the development potential of nations," writes Peter Hotez, fellow in disease and poverty. "We may now be witnessing the beginnings of a similar pattern in the Middle East and North Africa region."

This research discerns how municipal solid waste (MSW) composition influences the heating value and air pollution for the co-combustion of coal with MSW using five MSW composition scenarios, four of which were derived by a reduction of plastics, organics, paper, or a combination thereof, as compared to the national average MSW composition.

Introduction

With a new year and a new administration in Mexico we can expect continuity in substantive policy and…

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When U.S. President Barack Obama addressed the…

In the face of a persistent decline and stagnation in research and development funding, scientists and engineers must devote more time and effort toward keeping the economic and societal value of science in the public and advocate for it to hold a higher standing in the federal budget. Published in vol. 2, issue 1, of The Journal of Science Policy and Governance.