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We are releasing the Baker Institute China Energy Map (version 2023) in the hope that an open, comprehensive and regularly updated source of vital China energy infrastructure data can help facilitate improved analysis by a broad range of participants. The map can be accessed directly by clicking here. Figure 1 provides a snapshot of the map with every facility visible in its most zoomed-out incarnation.

Figure 1: Baker Institute China Energy Map Snapshot
Map plotted by Elsie Hung, Center for Energy Studies

China Map v Apr2023

 

 

 
What Does the Baker Institute China Energy Map Currently Show?

The China Energy Map provides an online, interactive and comprehensive visualization of China’s key energy infrastructure. Since the first release of the Baker Institute China Oil Map in February 2019, the map has evolved significantly and continues to grow. In addition to the existing oil infrastructure layers, including (1) crude oil pipelines, (2) refined product pipelines, (3) oil refineries, (4) crude oil and products storage facilities, and (5) oil ports. Since July 2020, we have mapped seven additional layers, including natural gas infrastructure, coal and nuclear power plants, and EV battery factories to more accurately capture China’s complete energy system.

Click here for an independent interactive time slider map (version 2020) on the relationship between China’s power fleet and the rising EV industry.

By clicking each icon or line on the map, facility-level information is displayed in the popup tooltip, including facility name, operator, status, year online, designed capacity, and additional infrastructure details. As of April 2023, the China Energy Map had the following total coverage by infrastructure type:

  • Crude oil pipelines: 101 pipelines with a total length of 25,943 km and total throughput capacity of 23 million barrels per day (MBD);
  • Refined product pipelines: 89 pipelines with a total network length of 25,574 km and a total throughput capacity of 7.9 MBD;
  • Oil refineries: 212 facilities with 23.1 MBD of processing capacity;
  • Oil storage facilities: 299 facilities with approximately 1.23 billion barrels of total storage capacity (crude oil: 83 facilities with 871.9 million barrels of capacity; refined products: 216 facilities with 365.2 million barrels of capacity);
  • Oil ports: 64 docking facilities for oil tankers with a total throughput capacity of 15.5 MBD;
  • Natural gas pipelines: 414 pipelines with a total length of 110,433 km and total throughput capacity of 145 billion cubic feet per day (BCFD);
  • LNG terminals: 78 facilities with 260 MTPA of capacity. 26 facilities are currently operational;
  • Coal power plants: 3,703 power stations with a total installed capacity of 1,458 GW, 1,093 GW of which are currently in operation;
  • Nuclear power plants: 151 reactors with a total installed capacity of 170 GW. 57 GW are operational; 
  • Natural gas power plants: 243 power plants with a total installed capacity of 168 GW. 113 GW are operational; 
  • EV battery factories: 319 facilities, 243 of which are online, 56 are under construction (greenfield) and 20 have been announced. This translates to a total manufacturing capacity of 2,676 GWh, of which 1,445 GWh are in operation; and
  • Hydrogen facilities: 37 facilities, 23 of which are currently in operation.

Table 1: China Energy Map Data Coverage Compared to Public Estimates

Indicators

China Energy Map Tabulated Capacity

Most Recent Publicly Available Capacity Estimate

Year of Estimate Baseline Data

Crude pipelines length (thousand km)

25.9

31.0

2021

Crude pipelines capacity (MBD)

23

14.5

2018

Refined pipelines length (thousand km)

28.7

30.0

2021

Refined pipelines capacity (MBD)

7.9

4.9

2015

Natural gas pipelines length (thousand km)

110.4

116

2021

Natural gas pipelines capacity (BCF/D)

144.7

65

2017

LNG terminals capacity (MTPA)

260.1

NA

 

LNG terminals operating capacity (MTPA)

97.2

99.1

2021

Oil refineries capacity (MBD)

23.1

18.5

2022

Oil refineries operating capacity (MBD)

21 20.3 2022

Crude storage capacity (MBBL)

872

760

2020

Product storage capacity (MBBL)

365

NA

 

Oil port throughput capacity (MBD)

15.5

NA

 

Coal power plants operating capacity (GW)

1,093

1,120

2022

Natural gas power plants operating capacity (GW)

113

114

2022

Nuclear power plants operating capacity (GW)

57

56

2022

EV battery factories operating capacity (GWh)

1445

1437

2023

EV battery factories (number of units)

319

NA

 

Sources: National Development and Reform Commission of China, http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201701/W020170119333354977981.pdf;
Ruining Hou, January 16, 2019, https://www.jiemian.com/article/2798250.html;
Shivani Singh and Muyu Xu, Jan 16, 2020, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-economy-output-oil/chinas-2019-and-december-crude-oil-runs-hit-record-highs-idUSKBN1ZG0AS;
Muyu Xu, Shu Zhang, and Devika Krishna Kumar, Feb 13, 2020, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-oil-storage/stranded-tankers-full-storage-tanks-coronavirus-leads-to-crude-glut-in-china-idUSKBN2072NR;
China Electricity Council, March 21, 2022, https://cec.org.cn/detail/index.html?3-307614;
Bloomberg;
Oil. IN-EN.com, May 17, 2021, https://oil.in-en.com/html/oil-2919718.shtml;

Future Directions

The data collated and presented to date in the map account for a significant portion of the total known capacity in China. We will frequently update the map as we learn more about infrastructure we already have included, as well as newly constructed facilities and those we were not aware of before.

An immediate focus centers on the question of what is missing from the China Energy Map that could make it better. One weakness of the existing map is that it provides solid coverage of asset stock and designed capacity, but not the physical flows through that stock. Accordingly, the map would benefit greatly from including real-time data[1] that could be updated on a regular basis, such as pipeline flow, refinery runs, inventory changes, tanker offloading, and real-time electricity output by plant.

As the map continues to evolve, we plan to include additional infrastructure layers such as EV manufacturing sites, battery mineral mines, processing plants, and other natural gas infrastructure (storage sites and processing plants) to the China Energy Map. We welcome formal and informal collaboration with other parties who would like to provide data that enhances the map, and who are willing to do so under an open-source philosophy. Interested parties can contact the author(s) at elsie.hung@rice.edu.


Appendix I: Data and Methodology

Data

Data sources included, but were not limited to:

  • The 2012 China Petroleum Map by ARA International Limited (for names of pipelines and storage facilities);
  • Bloomberg Professional Service(for names of refineries);
  • The Oil and Gas Journal World Wide Refinery Survey 2018;
  • 13th Five-Year Plan for Energy Development Appendix I and II (oil and gas) by China’s National Development and Reform Commission;
  • 13th Five-Year Plan for Transportation system by China’s State Council;
  • Infopetro.com;
  • Global Coal Plant Tracker by Global Energy Monitor;
  • World Nuclear Association;
  • China’s National Nuclear Safety Association;
  • White Lists” of EV battery suppliers in compliance with industry standards 1-4 in 2015 and 2016;
  • bjx.com.cn(北极星儲能网);
  • Petroleum Economist; and
  • Online press releases by operating companies.

Data displayed on the China Energy Map has been confirmed with multiple sources before mapping. Specifically, with the difficulties to track individual EV battery manufacturers, we verified each EVB facility with 2019/2020 job postings in addition to company websites/lookup pages. The facility is omitted from the database if: 1) no factory sites are seen on the satellite image, 2) the address found indicates a suit/office building, or 3) the address refers to a previously established company.

Technical Framework

We created the initial list of facility names based on the sources listed above and built the database of China’s energy infrastructure using a deep internet search to collect as much facility-level information as possible. Relevant data included name, location (latitude/longitude coordinates), owner/operator, designed capacity, operating status, and the year the facility entered service.

We targeted five primary oil and three electricity infrastructure groups: crude pipelines, refined product pipelines, oil refineries, oil storage facilities, oil ports, coal power plants, nuclear power plants, and EV battery factories. The majority of data was extracted from individual press releases and news articles written in Mandarin Chinese. The specified facility capacity for oil infrastructure was generally converted from 10,000 metric tons (per year), which is conventional for the Chinese oil sector, to a thousand barrels (per day) using the CME Group conversion calculator, which uses a ratio of 7.33 barrels per metric ton of crude oil.[2]

Next, we mapped individual infrastructure groups in vector layers (i.e., lines and points) with attribute information using QGIS, an open-source GIS application. With these geospatial data, we built the online map interface utilizing Mapbox, a web-based GIS platform, and added interactivity with JavaScript and HTML. We will continue to improve the user interface and appearance of this beta version map. The data is expected to be updated quarterly to reflect any new addition, expansion, and retirement of facilities.

Descriptions of Data Layers in the China Energy Map

  • Oil Ports: This layer displays oil wharves and docking facilities that are planned, under construction, or currently operating. The coordinates are highly accurate. 
  • Oil Storage: This layer includes both crude oil and refined product storage facilities that are either operating or under construction as of the most recent update. Ninety-five percent of the facility coordinates in this layer are highly accurate. We hope to include the oil tank breakdown in the future.
  • Oil Refineries: This layer displays oil refineries that are currently operating. The coordinates of each refinery are highly accurate.
  • Crude Pipelines: This layer displays all crude oil pipelines that are operating or under construction. If international, only the sections that are within the Chinese border are included, e.g., the Russia-China and Myanmar-China crude pipelines. The location accuracy of this layer falls into the medium range. We sketched the pipeline routes by assigning and connecting each pump station at the center of a specific city or town.
  • Refined Product Pipelines: This layer includes all refined product pipelines that are planned, under construction, or currently operating. The same mapping method was applied to this layer as the crude pipelines, thus the location accuracy of this layer should be deemed only descriptive and best displayed at the national and provincial levels.
  • LNG Terminals: This layer displays liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminals that are planned, under construction, or currently operating. The coordinates are highly accurate. All the terminals are import terminals. The facility-level details include berths and storage breakdowns if available.
  • Natural Gas Pipelines: This layer includes all the natural gas pipelines, both trunk and branch lines, that are planned, under construction, or currently operating. The same mapping method was applied to this layer as the crude pipelines, thus the location accuracy of this layer should be deemed only descriptive and best displayed at the national and provincial levels.
  • Natural Gas Power Plants: This layer displays planned, under construction, and operational natural gas power plants. The coordinates are highly accurate for the operational and under-construction facilities. Facility level details include plant capacity breakdown and conversion (if any).
  • Coal Power Plants: This layer includes all coal power plants by individual unit that are announced, permitted, under construction, and currently operational. The coordinates of each unit are highly accurate. Power plant type data (subcritical, supercritical, or ultra-supercritical) is also included in this layer.
  • Nuclear Power Plants: This layer displays planned, under construction, and operational nuclear power plants by reactor unit. The coordinates are highly accurate. Facility level details also include reactor technology.
  • EV Battery Factories: This layer includes planned, under construction, and currently operating factory sites that manufacture batteries for electric vehicles. Ninety-four percent of the facility coordinates are highly accurate. Additional information on this layer includes ownership structure (domestic, foreign, or joint venture) and planned capacity additions in GWh (if any).
  • Hydrogen Facilities: This layer includes planned, under construction, and operational hydrogen production projects. The coordinates are highly accurate. Facility level details currently include the type of hydrogen (grey, blue, green, etc.)
  • Satellite Basemap: Map uses the Mapbox Satellite layer.

Map interactive functions

  • Clickable tooltips of facility-level information;
  • Toggle-able infrastructure layer display with a checkbox legend with satellite base map;
  • Facilities search bar and pop-up tooltips when hovering over search results;
  • Cluster display; and
  • Navigation controls
Endnotes

[1] See, for instance, Gabriel Collins and Elsie Hung, "Using Satellite Data to Crack the Great Wall of Secrecy Around China’s Internal Oil Flows," Baker Institute Report no. 09.07.18. Baker Institute for Public Policy, Houston, Texas. https://www.bakerinstitute.org/research/using-satellites-study-chinese-oil/

[2] https://www.cmegroup.com/tools-information/calc_crude.html

    2023, released March 24, 2023

    • Crude oil pipelines: 101 pipelines with a total length of 25,943 km and total throughput capacity of 23 million barrels per day (MBD);
    • Refined product pipelines: 89 pipelines with a total network length of 25,574 km and a total throughput capacity of 7.9 MBD;
    • Oil refineries: 212 facilities with 23.1 MBD of processing capacity;
    • Oil storage facilities: 299 facilities with approximately 1.23 billion barrels of total storage capacity (crude oil: 83 facilities with 871.9 million barrels of capacity; refined products: 216 facilities with 365.2 million barrels of capacity);
    • Oil ports: 64 docking facilities for oil tankers with a total throughput capacity of 15.5 MBD;
    • Natural gas pipelines: 414 pipelines with a total length of 110,433 km and total throughput capacity of 145 billion cubic feet per day (BCFD);
    • LNG terminals: 78 facilities with 260 MTPA of capacity. 26 facilities are currently operational;
    • Coal power plants: 3,703 power stations with a total installed capacity of 1,458 GW, 1,093 GW of which are currently in operation;
    • Nuclear power plants: 151 reactors with a total installed capacity of 170 GW. 57 GW are operational; 
    • Natural gas power plants: 243 power plants with a total installed capacity of 168 GW. 113 GW are operational; 
    • EV battery factories: 319 facilities, 243 of which are online, 56 are under construction (greenfield) and 20 have been announced. This translates to a total manufacturing capacity of 2,676 GWh, of which 1,445 GWh are in operation; and
    • Hydrogen facilities: 37 facilities, 23 of which are currently in operation.
       

    Table 1: China Energy Map Data Coverage Compared to Public Estimates

    Indicators

    China Energy Map Tabulated Capacity

    Most Recent Publicly Available Capacity Estimate

    Year of Estimate Baseline Data

      Crude pipelines length (thousand km)

    25.9

    31.0

    2021

    Crude pipelines capacity (MBD)

    23

    14.5

    2018

    Refined pipelines length (thousand km)

    28.7

    30.0

    2021

    Refined pipelines capacity (MBD)

    7.9

    4.9

    2015

    Natural gas pipelines length (thousand km)

    110.4

    116

    2021

    Natural gas pipelines capacity (BCF/D)

    144.7

    65

    2017

    LNG terminals capacity (MTPA)

    260.1

    NA

     

    LNG terminals operating capacity (MTPA)

    97.2

    99.1

    2021

    Oil refineries capacity (MBD)

    23.1

    18.5

    2022

    Oil refineries operating capacity (MBD)

    21

    20.3

    2022

    Crude storage capacity (MBBL)

    872

    760

    2020

    Product storage capacity (MBBL)

    365

    NA

     

    Oil port throughout capacity (MBD)

    15.5

    NA

     

    Coal power plants operating capacity (GW)

    1093

    1120

    2022

    Natural gas power plants operating capacity (GW)

    113

    114

    2022

    Nuclear power plants operating capacity (GW)

    57

    56

    2022

    EV battery factories operating capacity (GWh)

    1445

    1437

    2023

    EV battery factories (number of units)

    319

    NA

     


    Sources: National Development and Reform Commission of China, http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201701/W020170119333354977981.pdf;
    Ruining Hou, January 16, 2019, https://www.jiemian.com/article/2798250.html;
    Shivani Singh and Muyu Xu, Jan 16, 2020, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-economy-output-oil/chinas-2019-and-december-crude-oil-runs-hit-record-highs-idUSKBN1ZG0AS;
    Muyu Xu, Shu Zhang, and Devika Krishna Kumar, Feb 13, 2020, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-oil-storage/stranded-tankers-full-storage-tanks-coronavirus-leads-to-crude-glut-in-china-idUSKBN2072NR;
    China Electricity Council, March 21, 2022, https://cec.org.cn/detail/index.html?3-307614;
    Bloomberg;
    Oil. IN-EN.com, May 17, 2021, https://oil.in-en.com/html/oil-2919718.shtml;

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    2022, released March 25, 2022

    • Crude oil pipelines: 98 pipelines with a total length of 25,430 km and total throughput capacity of 23 million barrels per day (MBD);
    • Refined product pipelines: 89 pipelines with a total network length of 28,686 km and a total throughput capacity of 7.9 MBD;
    • Oil refineries: 210 facilities with 22.4 MBD of processing capacity;
    • Oil storage facilities: 291 facilities with approximately 1.15 billion barrels of total storage capacity (crude oil: 76 facilities with 790.6 million barrels of capacity; refined products: 215 facilities with 361.1 million barrels of capacity);
    • Oil ports: 62 docking facilities for oil tankers with a total throughput capacity of 15.5 MBD;
    • Natural gas pipelines: 405 pipelines with a total length of 104,909 km and total throughput capacity of 138 billion cubic feet per day (BCFD);
    • LNG terminals: 73 facilities with 220 MTPA of capacity. 24 facilities are currently operational;
    • Coal power plants: 3,468 power stations with a total installed capacity of 1,307 GW, 1,047 GW of which are currently in operation;
    • Nuclear power plants: 129 reactors with a total installed capacity of 112 GW. 51 GW are operational;
    • Natural gas power plants: 189 power plants with a total installed capacity of 138 GW. 99 GW are operational;
    • EV battery factories: 285 facilities, 220 of which are online, 50 are under construction (greenfield) and 15 have been announced. This translates to a total manufacturing capacity of 1,933 GWh, of which 844 GWh are in operation; and
    • Hydrogen facilities: 29 facilities, 18 of which are currently in operation.
       

    Table 1: China Energy Map Data Coverage Compared to Public Estimates

    Indicators

    China Energy Map Tabulated Capacity

    Most Recent Publicly Available Capacity Estimate

    Year of Estimate Baseline Data

    Crude pipelines length (thousand km)

    25.4

    31.0

    2020

    Crude pipelines capacity (MBD)

    23

    14.5

    2018

    Refined pipelines length (thousand km)

    28.7

    32.0

    2020

    Refined pipelines capacity (MBD)

    7.9

    4.9

    2015

    Natural gas pipelines length (thousand km)

    104.9

    110

    2021

    Natural gas pipelines capacity (BCF/D)

    138.1

    65

    2017

    LNG terminals capacity (MTPA)

    220.4

    NA

     

    Oil refineries capacity (MBD)

    22.7

    17.3

    2019

    Crude storage capacity (MBBL)

    791

    760

    2020

    Product storage capacity (MBBL)

    360

    NA

     

    Oil port throughput capacity (MBD)

    15.3

    NA

     

    Coal power plants operating capacity (GW)

    1,047

    1,110

    2022

    Natural gas power plants operating capacity (GW)

    99

    108

    2022

    Nuclear power plants operating capacity (GW)

    51

    53

    2022

    EV battery factories operating capacity (GWh)

    844

    569

    2021

    EV battery factories (number of units)

    285

    NA

     

    Sources: National Development and Reform Commission of China, http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201701/W020170119333354977981.pdf;
    Ruining Hou, January 16, 2019, https://www.jiemian.com/article/2798250.html;
    Shivani Singh and Muyu Xu, Jan 16, 2020, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-economy-output-oil/chinas-2019-and-december-crude-oil-runs-hit-record-highs-idUSKBN1ZG0AS;
    Muyu Xu, Shu Zhang, and Devika Krishna Kumar, Feb 13, 2020, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-oil-storage/stranded-tankers-full-storage-tanks-coronavirus-leads-to-crude-glut-in-china-idUSKBN2072NR;
    China Electricity Council, March 21, 2022, https://cec.org.cn/detail/index.html?3-307614;
    Bloomberg;
    Oil. IN-EN.com, May 17, 2021, https://oil.in-en.com/html/oil-2919718.shtml;

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    2021, released April 2, 2021
    • Crude oil pipelines: 98 pipelines with a total length of 25,430 km and total throughput capacity of 23 million bpd (MBD);
    • Refined product pipelines: 89 pipelines with a total network length of 28,686 km and a total throughput capacity of 7.9 MBD;
    • Oil refineries: 210 facilities with 22.7 MBD of processing capacity;
    • Oil storage facilities: 292 facilities with approximately 1.15 billion barrels of total storage capacity (crude oil: 76 facilities with 790.6 million barrels of capacity; refined products: 216 facilities with 360.2 million barrels of capacity);
    • Oil ports: 61 docking facilities for oil tankers with a total throughput capacity of 15.3 MBD;
    • Coal power plants: 3,090 power stations with a total installed capacity of 1,215 GW, 1,033 GW of which are currently in operation;
    • Nuclear power plants:124 reactors with a total installed capacity of 106 GW. 48 GW are operational; and
    • EV battery factories:243 facilities, 217 of which are online, 22 are under construction and 9 have been announced. This translates to a total manufacturing capacity of 1,083 GWh, of which 559 GWh are in operation.
       

    Table 1: China Energy Map Data Coverage Compared to Public Estimates

     

    Indicators

    China Energy Map Tabulated Capacity

    Most Recent Publicly Available Capacity Estimate

    Year of Estimate Baseline Data

    Crude pipelines length (thousand km)

    25.4

    29.0

    2019

    Crude pipelines capacity (MBD)

    23.0

    14.5

    2018

    Refined pipelines length (thousand km)

    28.7

    29.0

    2019

    Refined pipelines capacity (MBD)

    7.9

    4.9

    2015

    Oil refineries capacity (MBD)

    22.7

    17.3

    2019

    Crude storage capacity (MBBL)

    791

    760

     2020

    Product storage capacity (MBBL)

    360

    N/A

     

    Oil port throughout capacity (MBD)

    15.3

    N/A

     

    Coal power plants operating capacity (GW)

    1033

    1080

    2021

    Nuclear power plants operating capacity (GW)

    48

    51

    2021

    EV battery factories operating capacity (GWh)

    559

    569

    2021

    EV battery factories (number of units)

    243

    N/A

     

    Sources: National Development and Reform Commission of China, http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201701/W020170119333354977981.pdf;
    Ruining Hou, January 16, 2019, https://www.jiemian.com/article/2798250.html;
    Shivani Singh and Muyu Xu, Jan 16, 2020, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-economy-output-oil/chinas-2019-and-december-crude-oil-runs-hit-record-highs-idUSKBN1ZG0AS;
    Muyu Xu, Shu Zhang, and Devika Krishna Kumar, Feb 13, 2020, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-oil-storage/stranded-tankers-full-storage-tanks-coronavirus-leads-to-crude-glut-in-china-idUSKBN2072NR;
    China Electricity Council, March 19, 2021, https://cec.org.cn/detail/index.html?3-294515;
    Bloomberg.

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    2020 Q2, released July 10, 2020
    • Crude oil pipelines: 98 pipelines with a total length of 25,430 km and total throughput capacity of 23 million bpd (MBD);
    • Refined product pipelines: 87 pipelines with a total network length of 27,945 km and a total throughput capacity of 7.7 MBD;
    • Oil refineries: 208 facilities with 22.3 MBD of processing capacity;
    • Oil storage facilities: 288 facilities with approximately 1.12 billion barrels of total storage capacity (crude oil: 74 facilities with 764.3 million barrels of capacity; refined products: 214 facilities with 359.4 million barrels of capacity);
    • Oil ports: 61 docking facilities for oil tankers with a total throughput capacity of 15.3 MBD;
    • Coal power plants: 2,956 power stations with a total installed capacity of 1,145 GW, 997 GW of which are currently in operation;
    • Nuclear power plants:114 reactors with a total installed capacity of 95 GW. 45 GW are operational; and
    • EV battery factories:185 facilities, 176 of which are online, 8 are under construction and 1 has been announced.
       

    Table 1: China Energy Map Data Coverage Compared to Public Estimates

     

    Indicators

    China Energy Map Tabulated Capacity

    Most Recent Publicly Available Capacity Estimate

    Year of Estimate Baseline Data

    Crude pipelines length (thousand km)

    25.4

    28.7

    2017

    Crude pipelines capacity (MBD)

    23.0

    14.5

    2018

    Refined pipelines length (thousand km)

    27.9

    27.2

    2017

    Refined pipelines capacity (MBD)

    7.7

    4.9

    2015

    Oil refineries capacity (MBD)

    22.7

    17.3

    2019

    Crude storage capacity (MBBL)

    764

    760

     2020

    Product storage capacity (MBBL)

    359

    N/A

     

    Oil port throughout capacity (MBD)

    15.3

    N/A

     

    Coal power plants operating capacity (GW)

    997

    1040

    2019

    Nuclear power plants operating capacity (GW)

    45

    49

    2019

    EV battery factories (number of units)

    185

    N/A

     

    Sources: National Development and Reform Commission of China, http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201701/W020170119333354977981.pdf;
    Ruining Hou, January 16, 2019, https://www.jiemian.com/article/2798250.html;
    Shivani Singh and Muyu Xu, Jan 16, 2020, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-economy-output-oil/chinas-2019-and-december-crude-oil-runs-hit-record-highs-idUSKBN1ZG0AS;
    Muyu Xu, Shu Zhang, and Devika Krishna Kumar, Feb 13, 2020, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-oil-storage/stranded-tankers-full-storage-tanks-coronavirus-leads-to-crude-glut-in-china-idUSKBN2072NR;
    China Electricity Council, April 26, 2020, https://www.cec.org.cn/detail/index.html?1-281670.

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    2020 Q1, released March 11, 2020
    • Crude oil pipelines: 98 pipelines with a total length of 25,430 km and total throughput capacity of 23 million bpd (MBD);
    • Refined product pipelines: 87 pipelines with a total network length of 27,945 km and a total throughput capacity of 7.7 MBD;
    • Oil refineries: 208 facilities with 22.3 MBD of processing capacity;
    • Oil storage facilities: 287 facilities with approximately 1.06 billion barrels of total storage capacity (crude oil: 74 facilities with 706.1 million barrels of capacity; refined products: 213 facilities with 357 million barrels of capacity); and
    • Oil Ports: 59 docking facilities for oil tankers with a total throughput capacity of 15.3 MBD.
       

    Table 1: China Oil Map Data Coverage Compared to Public Estimates

    Indicators

    China Oil Map Tabulated Capacity

    Most Recent Publicly Available Capacity Estimate

    Year of Estimate Baseline Data

    Crude pipelines length (thousand km)

    25.4

    28.7

    2017

    Crude pipelines capacity (MBD)

    23.0

    14.5

    2018

    Refined pipelines length (thousand km)

    27.9

    27.2

    2017

    Refined pipelines capacity (MBD)

    7.7

    4.9

    2015

    Oil refineries capacity (MBD)

    22.3

    17.3

    2019

    Crude storage capacity (MBBL)

    706.1

    760.0

     2020

    Product storage capacity (MBBL)

    357.0

    N/A

     

    Oil port throughout capacity (MBD)

    15.3

    N/A

     

    Sources: National Development and Reform Commission of China, http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201701/W020170119333354977981.pdf;
    Ruining Hou, January 16, 2019, https://www.jiemian.com/article/2798250.html;
    Shivani Singh and Muyu Xu, Jan 16, 2020, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-economy-output-oil/chinas-2019-and-december-crude-oil-runs-hit-record-highs-idUSKBN1ZG0AS;
    Muyu Xu, Shu Zhang, and Devika Krishna Kumar, Feb 13, 2020, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-oil-storage/stranded-tankers-full-storage-tanks-coronavirus-leads-to-crude-glut-in-china-idUSKBN2072NR.

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    2019 Q4, released December 9, 2019

    China Oil Map is updated with new attribute information within individual facilities, but the statistic summary remains unchanged from the Q3 version.

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    2019 Q3, released September 11, 2019
    • Crude oil pipelines: 98 pipelines with a total length of 25,430 km and total throughput capacity of 20.01 million bpd (MBD);
    • Refined product pipelines: 80 pipelines with a total network length of 27,337 km and a total throughput capacity of 6.4 MBD;
    • Oil refineries: 205 facilities with 22.3 MBD of processing capacity;
    • Oil storage facilities: 285 facilities with approximately 1.06 billion barrels of total storage capacity (crude oil: 73 facilities with 706.1 million barrels of capacity; refined products: 211 facilities with 355.4 million barrels of capacity); and
    • Oil Ports: 59 docking facilities for oil tankers with a total throughput capacity of 15.3 MBD.
       

    Table 1: China Oil Map Data Coverage Compared to Public Estimates

    Indicators

    China Oil Map Tabulated Capacity

    Most Recent Publicly Available Capacity Estimate

    Year of Estimate Baseline Data

    Crude pipelines length (thousand km)

    25.4

    27.0

    2015

    Crude pipelines capacity (MBD)

    20.0

    10.6

    2015

    Refined pipelines length (thousand km)

    27.3

    21.0

    2015

    Refined pipelines capacity (MBD)

    6.4

    4.9

    2015

    Oil refineries capacity (MBD)

    22.3

    16.7

    2018

    Crude storage capacity (MBBL)

    706.1

    N/A

     

    Product storage capacity (MBBL)

    355.4

    N/A

     

    Oil port throughout capacity (MBD)

    15.3

    N/A

     

    Sources: National Development and Reform Commission of China, http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201701/W020170119333354977981.pdf;
    Ruining Hou, January 16, 2019, https://www.jiemian.com/article/2798250.html.

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    2019 Q2, released June 1, 2019
    • Crude oil pipelines: 95 pipelines with a total length of 24,389 km and total throughput capacity of 19.04 million bpd (MBD);
    • Refined product pipelines: 80 pipelines with a total network length of 26,180 km and a total throughput capacity of 5.8 MBD;
    • Oil refineries: 201 facilities with 21.1 MBD of processing capacity;
    • Oil storage facilities: 283 facilities with approximately 1.06 billion barrels of total storage capacity (crude oil: 72 facilities with 702.3 million barrels of capacity; refined products: 211 facilities with 355.4 million barrels of capacity); and
    • Oil Ports: 56 docking facilities for oil tankers with a total throughput capacity of 15.05 MBD

     

    Table 1: China Oil Map Data Coverage Compared to Public Estimates

    Indicators

    China Oil Map Tabulated Capacity

    Most Recent Publicly Available Capacity Estimate

    Year of Estimate Baseline Data

    Crude pipelines length (thousand km)

    24.4

    27.0

    2015

    Crude pipelines capacity (MBD)

    19.0

    10.6

    2015

    Refined pipelines length (thousand km)

    26.2

    21.0

    2015

    Refined pipelines capacity (MBD)

    5.8

    4.9

    2015

    Oil refineries capacity (MBD)

    21.1

    16.7

    2018

    Crude storage capacity (MBBL)

    702.3

    N/A

     

    Product storage capacity (MBBL)

    355.4

    N/A

     

    Oil port throughput capacity (MBD)

    15.0

    N/A

     

    Sources: National Development and Reform Commission of China, http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201701/W020170119333354977981.pdf; 
    Ruining Hou, January 16, 2019, https://www.jiemian.com/article/2798250.html.

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    2019 Q1, released February 25, 2019 (Original version)
    • Crude oil pipelines: 95 pipelines with a total length of 24,389 km and total throughput capacity of 19.04 million bpd (MBD);
    • Refined product pipelines: 80 pipelines with a total network length of 26,180 km and a total throughput capacity of 5.8 MBD;
    • Oil refineries: 194 facilities with 18.6 MBD of processing capacity; and
    • Oil storage facilities: 278 facilities with approximately 1 billion barrels of total storage capacity (crude oil: 68 facilities with 661.6 million barrels of capacity; refined products: 210 facilities with 352.2 million barrels of capacity)

     

    Table 1: China Oil Map Data Coverage Compared to Public Estimates

    Indicators

    China Oil Map Tabulated Capacity

    Most Recent Publicly Available Capacity Estimate

    Year of Estimate Baseline Data

    Crude pipelines length (thousand km)

    24.4

    27.0

    2015

    Crude pipelines capacity (MBD)

    19.0

    10.6

    2015

    Refined pipelines length (thousand km)

    26.2

    21.0

    2015

    Refined pipelines capacity (MBD)

    5.8

    4.9

    2015

    Oil refineries capacity (MBD)

    18.6

    16.7

    2018

    Crude storage capacity (MBBL)

    662.0

    N/A

     

    Product storage capacity (MBBL)

    352.0

    N/A

     

    Sources: National Development and Reform Commission of China, http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201701/W020170119333354977981.pdf; 
    Ruining Hou, January 16, 2019, https://www.jiemian.com/article/2798250.html.